Cloud Computing -5 Service Models

SERVICE MODELS
The Internet functions through a series of network protocols that form a stack of layers, as shown in the figure (or as described in more detail in the OSI model). Once an Internet connection is established among several computers, it is possible to share services within any one of the following layers.

Cloud computing can come in many forms depending on the type of service it provides. It is broadly classified as :

Software as a Service - SaaS
Cloud application services or "Software as a Service (SaaS)" deliver software as a service over the Internet, eliminating the need to install and run the application on the customer's own computers and simplifying maintenance and support. People tend to use the terms ‘SaaS’ and ‘cloud’ interchangeably, when in fact they are two different things. Key characteristics include:
• Network-based access to, and management of, commercially available (i.e., not custom) software
• Application delivery that typically is closer to a one-to-many model (single instance, multi-tenant architecture) than to a one-to-one model, including architecture, pricing, partnering, and management characteristics
• Centralized feature updating, which obviates the need for downloadable patches and upgrades.
Example: Google Apps, Salesforce.com
Platform as a Service - PaaS
Cloud platform services or "Platform as a Service (PaaS)" deliver a computing platform and/resolution stack as a service, often consuming cloud infrastructure and sustaining cloud applications. It facilitates deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers.
Example: Google AppEngine, Microsoft Azure
Infrastructure as a Service - IaaS
Cloud infrastructure services, also known as "Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)", delivers computer infrastructure - typically a platform virtualization environment - as a service. Rather than purchasing servers, software, data-center space or network equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service. Suppliers typically bill such services on a utility computing basis and amount of resources consumed (and therefore the cost) will typically reflect the level of activity. IaaS evolved from virtual private server offerings.
Example: OpenNebula, Eucalyptus, Amazon S3, EC2
Data Storage as a Service - dSaaS
Cloud Data Storage services, also known as “data Storage as a Service (dSaaS)", delivers robust, cloud-based suite of storage - as a service.
• Reduced risk through secure backup, storage, information protection.
• Reduced costs through the elimination of capital investments for archived digital storage.
• Rapid access to information for legal discovery, regulatory compliance, audits, business continuity and disaster recovery
Everything as a Service - EaaS
Through the cloud, everything will be delivered as a service, from computing power to business processes to personal interactions. The enterprise could contact a specific vendor if they wanted to implement some cloud computing processes in their business setting. As long as the business knows what they specifically need from the vendor, the services related to cloud computing could be easily set up and launched in no time.
• Decreasing dependency on the hardware – as more and more applications are used in the cloud, it has become important for the service providers in EaaS to keep everything accessible. Any service in the cloud could be accessed online without relying on one gadget that stores the native application.
• No Specific Location – EaaS is not just an application limited to certain location and gadgets. Providers will allow access from any type of gadget from any location as long as the user has the right credential (username/password) to use the system.
• Improved Tenancy – access of the system is not only limited to a number of users. The user will have the ability to get everything done on time through collaboration.
• Extension to Consumers – this type of service is not only limited to businesses. Cloud computing through EaaS is now available to consumers.

Cloud Computing -4 Architecture

ARCHITECTURE
Cloud architecture, the systems architecture of the software systems involved in the delivery of cloud computing, typically involves multiple cloud components communicating with each other over application programming interfaces, usually web services and 3-tier architecture. This resembles the Unix philosophy of having multiple programs each doing one thing well and working together over universal interfaces. Complexity is controlled and the resulting systems are more manageable than their monolithic counterparts.
The two most significant components of cloud computing architecture are known as the front end and the back end. The front end is the part seen by the client, i.e. the computer user. This includes the client’s network (or computer) and y
the applications used to access the cloud via a user interface such as a web browser. The back end of the cloud computing architecture is the ‘cloud’ itself, comprising various computers, servers and data storage devices. The front end includes the client's computer (or computer network) and the application required to access the cloud computing system. Not all cloud computing systems have the same user interface. Services like Web-based e-mail programs leverage existing Web browsers like Internet Explorer or Firefox. Other systems have unique applications that provide network access to clients.

Cloud Computing - 3 Key Features

KEY FEATURES
• Agility improves with users' ability to rapidly and inexpensively re-provision technological infrastructure resources.
• Application Programming Interface (API) accessibility to software that enables machines to interact with cloud software in the same way the user interface facilitates interaction between humans and computers. Cloud Computing systems typically use REST [Representational State Transfer]-based APIs.
• Cost is claimed to be greatly reduced and capital expenditure is converted to operational expenditure. This ostensibly lowers barriers to entry, as infrastructure is typically provided by a third-party and does not need to be purchased for one-time or infrequent intensive computing tasks. Pricing on a utility computing basis is fine-grained with usage-based options and fewer IT skills are required for implementation (in-house).
• Device and location independence enable users to access systems using a web browser regardless of their location or what device they are using (e.g., PC, mobile). As infrastructure is off-site (typically provided by a third-party) and accessed via the Internet, users can connect from anywhere.
• Multi-tenancy enables sharing of resources and costs across a large pool of users thus allowing for:
o Centralization of infrastructure in locations with lower costs (such as real estate, electricity, etc.)
o Peak-load capacity increases (users need not engineer for highest possible load-levels)
o Utilization and efficiency improvements for systems that are often only 10–20% utilized.
• Reliability is improved if multiple redundant sites are used, which makes well designed cloud computing suitable for business continuity and disaster recovery. Nonetheless, many major cloud computing services have suffered outages, and IT and business managers can at times do little when they are affected.

• Scalability via dynamic ("on-demand") provisioning of resources on a fine-grained, self-service basis near real-time, without users having to engineer for peak loads. Performance is monitored and consistent and loosely coupled architectures are constructed using web services as the system interface. One of the most important new methods for overcoming performance bottlenecks for a large class of applications is data parallel programming on a distributed data grid.
• Security could improve due to centralization of data, increased security-focused resources, etc., but concerns can persist about loss of control over certain sensitive data, and the lack of security for stored kernels. Security is often as good as or better than under traditional systems, in part because providers are able to devote resources to solving security issues that many customers cannot afford. Providers typically log accesses, but accessing the audit logs themselves can be difficult or impossible. Furthermore, the complexity of security is greatly increased when data is distributed over a wider area and / or number of devices.
• Maintenance of cloud computing applications is easier, since they don't have to be installed on each user's computer. They are easier to support and to improve since the changes reach the clients instantly.
• Metering means that cloud computing resources usage should be measurable and should be metered per client and application on a daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly basis.
• Electronic recycling The costs of electronic recycling are shifted to the hands of the cloud provider.

Cloud Computing -2 IntroduTion

INTRODUCTION
Years ago, the internet was just used merely for information gathering and email. Today, the internet could become a host of different types of applications which will not require any local installation in the users end. Because of the increasing capability of the internet, developers have looked beyond information sharing. Certain functions in desktop could now be done online. Office documents could be uploaded and extracted or even worked on at the same time online. Data processing is not limited anymore to your desktop as the increasing capacity of online connectivity has made it possible to emulate or even surpass local data processing. The rapid improvement of the capacity of online connectivity gave birth to cloud computing. Although the term was already used since the 90s, the actual adoption of cloud computing in relation to online computing started in the 21st century.
By now, most everyone has heard of "cloud computing" and, even though it is a popular concept, not everyone has a clear idea of what it is. Cloud computing is the general term used to describe a new class of Internet technology. Cloud technology allows individuals and businesses to work on the Internet; the same type of work that previously required the installation of software on their personal computers, the installation of server computers on a local network, or both. cloud computing has existed in various forms for many years, but the technology was limited by practical considerations such as Internet speeds, reliability of websites, reliability of remote servers and cost.
Cloud computing promises portability as users would just have to need a strong internet connection to ensure the process is done. Cloud computing could even emulate the desktop experience. Cloud computing is usually focused on the enterprise. As businesses today require more collaboration in real time without any geographical consideration, cloud computing became a viable option as this will provide real time interaction in business process. It offers the portability to different users without having to constantly require the local gadget for certain installations.

Cloud Computing -1

Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared servers provide resources, software, and data to computers and other devices on demand, as with the electricity grid. Cloud computing is a natural evolution of the widespread adoption of virtualization, service-oriented architecture and utility computing. Details are abstracted from consumers, who no longer have need for expertise in, or control over, the technology infrastructure "in the cloud" that supports them.
Cloud computing describes a new supplement, consumption, and delivery model for IT services based on the Internet, and it typically involves over-the-Internet provision of dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources. It is a byproduct and consequence of the ease-of-access to remote computing sites provided by the Internet. This frequently takes the form of web-based tools or applications that users can access and use through a web browser as if it was a program installed locally on their own computer. Typical cloud computing providers deliver common business applications online that are accessed from another Web service or software like a Web browser, while the software and data are stored on servers. Generally, cloud computing customers do not own the physical infrastructure, instead avoiding capital expenditure by renting usage from a third-party provider. They consume resources as a service and pay only for resources that they use.
The two most significant components of cloud computing architecture are known as the front end and the back end. The front end includes the client’s network (or computer) and the applications used to access the cloud via a user interface such as a web browser. The back end of the cloud computing architecture is the ‘cloud’ itself, comprising various computers, servers and data storage devices.
Large businesses are far less likely to put most of their work "in the cloud" anytime soon because of control and security issues. They say that cloud computing will become more dominant than the desktop in the next decade. In other words, most users will perform most computing and communicating activities through connections to servers operated by outside firms than on software running on a general-purpose PC.

How to Identify the version of SQL Server you are using.

To identify the version of the SQL server your are using, just run the below Query.

SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('productversion'), SERVERPROPERTY ('productlevel'), SERVERPROPERTY ('edition')

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing

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How to hide conenction tab in IE

For hiding the connection tab in windows XP, copy the below contents to a notepad and save as "Hide.reg" file. Run the Hide.reg, the connection tab in Internet explorer would have disappeared.

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REGEDIT4




;Hide Connections Tab in IE



[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Control Panel]

"ConnectionsTab"=dword:00000001



HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Control Panel



"ConnectionsTab"=dword:00000001
 
 
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To bring back  the connection tab in windows XP, copy the below contents to a notepad and save as "unhide.reg" file and run this file.



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REGEDIT4




;Show Connections Tab in IE



[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Control Panel]

"ConnectionsTab"=-





HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Control Panel



"ConnectionsTab"=-


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Useful MS word tips in Formatting

May be useful to you guys…………………….


• Shrinking a Document to Fit

If you've created a document and one or two lines spill over into a new page, you can use the "Shrink to Fit" feature to fit everything on the page. Choose File, Print Preview and click on the Shrink to Fit button.



• Removing Formatting for a Portion of Text

To quickly remove character formatting, such as bold, italic, or underline, and reset text back to the normal style, select the text and press Ctrl+Spacebar (Ctrl+Shift+Z also works). To reset paragraph formatting, such as tabs and indents, back to the normal style press Ctrl+Q.



• Toggle through CASE Changes

You can quickly change the case of text from Title to UPPER CASE to lower case by selecting the text and pressing Shift-F3. Each time you press Shift-F3, the case will change.



• Selecting Text in MS Word

To select a word, double-click the left mouse button on the word

To select a sentence, hold down CTRL and single-click the left mouse button on the sentence.

To select a line of text on the screen, single-click with the left mouse button in the left screen margin at the line you want to select.

To select a paragraph, triple-click the left mouse button in the paragraphs

To select the whole document, hold down CTRL and A, or triple-click the left mouse button in the left margin of the screen.





Put your Mouse in snooze mode: Beware of shoulder and wrist pain

Short keys for Microsoft outlook 2007 Basic Navigation

CTRL+1 Switch to Mail.

CTRL+2 Switch to Calendar.

CTRL+3 Switch to Contacts.

CTRL+4 Switch to Tasks.

CTRL+5 Switch to Notes.

CTRL+6 Switch to Folder List in Navigation Pane.

CTRL+7 Switch to Shortcuts.

CTRL+PERIOD Switch to next message (with message open).

CTRL+COMMA Switch to previous message (with message open).

F6 or CTRL+SHFT+TAB Move between the Navigation Pane, the main Outlook window, the Reading Pane, and the To-Do Bar.

TAB Move between the Outlook window, the smaller panes in the Navigation Pane, the Reading Pane, and the sections in the To-Do Bar.

Arrow keys Move around within the Navigation Pane.

CTRL+Y Go to a different folder.

F3 or CTRL+E Go to the Search box.

ALT+UP ARROW or CTRL+COMMA or ALT+PAGE UP In the Reading Pane, go to the previous message.

SPACEBAR In the Reading Pane, page down through text.

SHFT+SPACEBAR In the Reading Pane, page up through text.

SHFT+PLUS SIGN or MINUS SIGN, respectively Expand or collapse a group (with a group selected) in the Navigation Pane.

LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW, respectively Collapse or expand a group in the e-mail message list.

Creation of items or files in Outlook:



CTRL+SHFT+A Create an appointment. CTRL+SHFT+C Create a contact.

CTRL+SHFT+L Create a distribution list. CTRL+SHFT+X Create a fax.

CTRL+SHFT+E Create a folder. CTRL+SHFT+J Create a Journal entry.

CTRL+SHFT+Q Create a meeting request. CTRL+SHFT+M Create a message.

CTRL+SHFT+N Create a note. CTRL+SHFT+H Create a new Microsoft Office document.

CTRL+SHFT+S Post to this folder. CTRL+T Post a reply in this folder.

CTRL+SHFT+P Create a Search Folder. CTRL+SHFT+K Create a task.

CTRL+SHFT+U Create a task request.

Useful 100 shortcuts for windows

CTRL+C (Copy)


CTRL+X (Cut)

CTRL+V (Paste)

CTRL+Z (Undo)

DELETE (Delete)

SHIFT+DELETE (Delete the selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin)

CTRL while dragging an item (Copy the selected item)

CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item (Create a shortcut to the selected item)

F2 key (Rename the selected item)

CTRL+RIGHT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word)

CTRL+LEFT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word)

CTRL+DOWN ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph)

CTRL+UP ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph)

CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Highlight a block of text)

SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text in a document)

CTRL+A (Select all)

F3 key (Search for a file or a folder)

ALT+ENTER (View the properties for the selected item)

ALT+F4 (Close the active item, or quit the active program)

ALT+ENTER (Display the properties of the selected object)

ALT+SPACEBAR (Open the shortcut menu for the active window)

CTRL+F4 (Close the active document in programs that enable you to have multiple documents open simultaneously)

ALT+TAB (Switch between the open items)

ALT+ESC (Cycle through items in the order that they had been opened)

F6 key (Cycle through the screen elements in a window or on the desktop)

F4 key (Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer)

SHIFT+F10 (Display the shortcut menu for the selected item)

ALT+SPACEBAR (Display the System menu for the active window)

CTRL+ESC (Display the Start menu)

ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name (Display the corresponding menu)

Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu (Perform the corresponding command)

F10 key (Activate the menu bar in the active program)

RIGHT ARROW (Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu)

LEFT ARROW (Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu)

F5 key (Update the active window)

BACKSPACE (View the folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer)

ESC (Cancel the current task)

SHIFT when you insert a CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive (Prevent the CD-ROM from automatically playing)

Dialog Box Keyboard Shortcuts

CTRL+TAB (Move forward through the tabs)

CTRL+SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the tabs)

TAB (Move forward through the options)

SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the options)

ALT+Underlined letter (Perform the corresponding command or select the corresponding option)

ENTER (Perform the command for the active option or button)

SPACEBAR (Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box)

Arrow keys (Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons)

F1 key (Display Help)

F4 key (Display the items in the active list)

BACKSPACE (Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box)

m*cro$oft Natural Keyboard Shortcuts

Windows Logo (Display or hide the Start menu)

Windows Logo+BREAK (Display the System Properties dialog box)

Windows Logo+D (Display the desktop)

Windows Logo+M (Minimize all of the windows)

Windows Logo+SHIFT+M (Restore the minimized windows)

Windows Logo+E (Open My Computer)

Windows Logo+F (Search for a file or a folder)

CTRL+Windows Logo+F (Search for computers)

Windows Logo+F1 (Display Windows Help)

Windows Logo+ L (Lock the keyboard)

Windows Logo+R (Open the Run dialog box)

Windows Logo+U (Open Utility Manager)

Accessibility Keyboard Shortcuts

Right SHIFT for eight seconds (Switch FilterKeys either on or off)

Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN (Switch High Contrast either on or off)

Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK (Switch the MouseKeys either on or off)

SHIFT five times (Switch the StickyKeys either on or off)

NUM LOCK for five seconds (Switch the ToggleKeys either on or off)

Windows Logo +U (Open Utility Manager)